Remembering and forgetting Nazism : education, national identity, and the victim myth in postwar Austria

This volume examines the myth of Austrian victimization at the hands of both Nazi Germany and the Allies from the years just before World War II through the mid 1990s. The author explains that the several interconnected themes that make up the myth turned the Austrian experience from 1938 to 1955 into a redemption narrative marking the birth of a democratic, prosperous, neutral, and non-German Austria. This concept became the unifying theme of Austrian official memory and a key component of national identity as a new Austria emerged from the ruins. In the 1980s, Austrian myth of victimization came under intense scrutiny in the wake of the Kurt Waldheim scandal that marked the beginning of its erosion. The fiftieth anniversary of the Anschluss in 1988 accelerated this process and resulted in a collective shift away from the victim myth. Important themes examined include the rebirth of Austria, the Anschluss, the war and the Holocaust, the Austrian resistance, and the Allied occupation. The fragmentation of Austrian official memory since the late 1980s coincided with the dismantling of the Conservative and Social Democratic coalition, which had defined Austrian politics in the postwar period. Through the eyes of the Austrian school system, this book examines how postwar Austria came to terms with the Second World War. Includes bibliographical references (pages 198-230) and index. xiii, 234 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm